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Cancer results when the cells in the body get divides and multiply in an uncontrolled way. This is because of the mutations of the genes which regulate cell growth.
In breast cancer, breast cells get affected. The cancer is either in the lobules or the ducts of the breast. Lobules are the glands in the female body that produces milk, while ducts are the passage that brings the milk from lobules to the nipple. Fatty or fibrous connective tissues within the breast can also cause cancer. Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of breast cells leads to breast cancer.

Symptoms Of Breast Cancer

There are no visible symptoms of breast cancer in the early stages. Sometimes, a small tumor can be felt, but abnormality can be seen on a mammogram. If a tumor is experienced then the first symptoms would be a lump in the breast, but however, all lumps are not cancer.

There are a variety of symptoms for each type of breast cancer. Generally, some of the common symptoms of breast cancer are:

• ✴ Thickening of the tissue or breast lump
• ✴ Nonhealing breast ulcer
• ✴ Red and Pitted Skin on the breast
• ✴ Swelling in the breast
• ✴ Sometimes associated with pain
• ✴ Nipple discharge apart from the milk discharge
• ✴ Blood discharge
• ✴ Peeling, scaling, or flaking of the skin on the nipple or breast Change in shape and size
• ✴ Lumps in the armpits
• ✴ Bone pain, jaundice, cough and breathlessness, seizures and headache, etc.( if the disease spreads to bones, liver, lung, and brain )

Who Treats Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The medical oncologist is the primary doctor who is involved in the treatment of every stage of breast cancer. Medical Oncologists have a specialty in Medical management of cancer.

Cancer results when the cells in the body get divides and multiply in an uncontrolled way. This is because of the mutations of the genes which regulate cell growth.

Lung Cancer In Hyderabad

Lung Cancer, as the name implies begins in the lungs.

It is of two types:

1. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),
2. and Small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

NSCLC:

1. Adenocarcinoma: It is the most common form of NSCLC. It is usually found in the periphery of the lung.
2. Squamous Cell: It is usually found in the central part of the lung.

SCLC:

SCLC contributes nearly 15-20 per cent of lung cancer cases. It spreads and grows faster than NSCLC. It is usually found in the central part of lung.

Symptoms Of Lung Cancer:

Basically, the symptoms of both the type NSCLC and SCLC are same. The common symptoms are:

• ✴ A very worsen cough
• ✴ Blood in cough or phlegm
• ✴ Pain chest during cough, laughing or taking a deep breath Hoarseness
• ✴ Breath shortness
• ✴ Wheezing is pretty common
• ✴ Weakness and Fatigue

Respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis are also common.
But when cancer spreads, other symptoms may arise such as:
Lymph nodes: Lumps can arise especially in the neck or collarbone.
Pain in bones, more importantly in the back, ribs and hips.
Brain problems such as headache, balance problems, dizziness, along with the numbness in arms and legs. Liver problems can also arise like yellowing of skin and eyes.
If you are suffering from any of above-mentioned cancer then immediately consult a doctor. In the case, it seems a lung-cancer problem then you should consult a medical oncologist, a specialist in treating cancers.
Nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, seizures can also be found.
If you are looking for lung cancer treatment just search “oncologist near me” or phrases like “Best oncologist in Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad” or the city where you live and go for the suitable results.

Cancer results when the cells in the body get divides and multiply in an uncontrolled way. This is because of the mutations of the genes which regulate cell growth.
In breast cancer, breast cells get affected. The cancer is either in the lobules or the ducts of the breast. Lobules are the glands in the female body that produces milk, while ducts are the passage that brings the milk from lobules to the nipple. Fatty or fibrous connective tissues within the breast can also cause cancer. Abnormal and uncontrolled growth of breast cells leads to breast cancer.

Symptoms Of Breast Cancer

There are no visible symptoms of breast cancer in the early stages. Sometimes, a small tumor can be felt, but abnormality can be seen on a mammogram. If a tumor is experienced then the first symptoms would be a lump in the breast, but however, all lumps are not cancer.

There are a variety of symptoms for each type of breast cancer. Generally, some of the common symptoms of breast cancer are:

1. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),
2. and Small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

NSCLC:

• ✴Thickening of the tissue or breast lump
• ✴Nonhealing breast ulcer
• ✴Red and Pitted Skin on the breast
• ✴Swelling in the breast
• ✴Sometimes associated with pain
• ✴Nipple discharge apart from the milk discharge
• ✴Blood discharge
• ✴Peeling, scaling, or flaking of the skin on the nipple or breast Change in shape and size
• ✴Lumps in the armpits
• ✴Bone pain, jaundice, cough and breathlessness, seizures and headache, etc.( if the disease spreads to bones, liver, lung, and brain )

Who Treats Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is treated by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The medical oncologist is the primary doctor who is involved in the treatment of every stage of breast cancer. Medical Oncologists have a specialty in Medical management of cancer.

Stages Of Breast Cancer

There are multiple stages of breast cancer depending on the size & spread area of the tumor. Clearly, cancer which has spread more and is large in size have a higher stage comparatively to the smaller ones which have a lower stage.

1. Type of cancer, that is whether invasive or non-invasive.
2. Size of tumor.
3. Involvement of lymph nodes.
4. Spread area of cancer.

Most head and neck cancers form in squamous cells – thin, flat cells forming the top layer of the mucous lining covering many structures of the head and neck. That's why the majority of cases of head and neck cancer are called squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer of the lip, mouth and larynx are examples of squamous cell carcinomas.
There are rarer forms of head and neck cancer, too, such as adenocarcinomas, which form in glandular cells. Cancers of the salivary glands are often classified as adenocarcinomas.
There are five main types of head and neck cancer, each named for where in the head or neck they form. The most common sites of head and neck cancer are in the mouth, the larynx and the oropharynx (the section of the throat immediately behind the mouth).

• Oral and oropharyngeal: Oral cancer starts in the oral cavity, which includes the lips, gums, the front two-thirds of the tongue and the bottom and top of the mouth (the floor and hard palate). Oropharyngeal cancer occurs in the oropharynx, the area at the back of the mouth and beginning of the throat. Cancers in the oropharynx start in the soft palate, the rear one-third of the tongue, the tonsils and the top of the throat. More than 90% of oral and oropharyngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.
• Nasopharyngeal: This type of head and neck cancer (relatively rare in the United States) begins in the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat that connects to the nasal cavity at the back of the nose. Most nasopharyngeal cancers are a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, but they could also be lymphomas or adenocarcinomas.
• Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus: The nasal cavity is the passageway through which air travels from the nostrils to the top of the throat (the nasopharynx). The paranasal sinuses are small hollow pockets within the bones surrounding the nasal cavity. Most cancers of the nasal cavity, or paranasal sinuses, are squamous cell carcinomas, although in rare cases other types of cancer can form there.
• Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal: Laryngeal cancer starts in the larynx (also known as the voice box). Situated at the top of the windpipe leading to the lungs, the larynx contains the vocal cords and is also critical to breathing. Cancer that forms in the hypopharynx is called hypopharyngeal cancer. The hypopharynx is the lower section of the throat, also called the gullet. About 95 percent of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.
• Salivary glands: The salivary glands make saliva and sit under the floor of the mouth, below the jaw and inside the upper cheeks just in front of the ears. Squamous cell carcinomas are rare in the salivary glands. Most cancers of the salivary gland start in other types of glandular cells that aren’t squamous cells. One such type is an adenocarcinoma.

What Are The Symptoms Of Head And Neck Cancer?

• ✴A swollen lump or sore that does not go away
• ✴A sore throat that doesn’t get better
• ✴Difficulty swallowing and pain when opening the mouth
• ✴A change in the quality of the voice, including a persistent hoarseness

• ✴ Nasal congestion that won’t go away
• ✴Frequent nosebleeds
• ✴Difficulty breathing
• ✴Unexplained and persistent bad odor in the mouth
• ✴Red or white patches in the mouth
• ✴Double vision
• ✴Ear pain
• ✴Jaw pain
• ✴Numbness or weakness in the head and neck area
• ✴Weight loss

When cells divide abnormally and uncontrollably, they can form a mass or lump of tissue. This lump is called a tumor. Bone tumors form in your bones. As the tumor grows, abnormal tissue can displace healthy tissue. Tumors can either be benign or malignant.
Benign tumors aren’t cancerous. While benign bone tumors typically stay in place and are unlikely to be fatal, they’re still abnormal cells and may require treatment. Benign tumors can grow and could compress your healthy bone tissue and cause future issues.
Malignant tumors are cancerous. Malignant bone tumors can cause cancer to spread throughout the body.

Types of benign bone tumors

Osteochondromas:

Benign tumors are more common than malignant ones. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the most common type of benign bone tumor is an osteochondroma. This type accounts for between 35 and 40 percent of all benign bone tumors. Osteochondromas develop in adolescents and teenagers.

These tumors form near the actively growing ends of long bones, such as arm or leg bones. Specifically, these tumors tend to affect the lower end of the thighbone (femur), the upper end of the lower leg bone (tibia), and the upper end of the upper arm bone (humerus).

These tumors are made of bone and cartilage. Osteochondromas have been considered to be an abnormality of growth. A child may develop a single osteochondroma or many of them.

Nonossifying fibroma unicameral:

Nonossifying fibroma unicameral is a simple solitary bone cyst. It’s the only true cyst of bone. It’s usually found in the leg and occurs most often in children and adolescents.

Giant cell tumors:

Giant cell tumors grow aggressively. They occur in adults. They’re found in the rounded end of the bone and not in the growth plate. These are very rare tumors.

Enchondroma:

An enchondroma is a cartilage cyst that grows inside the bone marrow. When they occur, they begin in children and persist as adults. They tend to be part of syndromes called Ollier’s and Mafucci’s syndrome. Enchondromas occur in the hands and feet as well as the long bones of the arm and thigh.

Fibrous dysplasia:

Fibrous dysplasia is a gene mutation that makes bones fibrous and vulnerable to fracture.

Aneurysmal bone cyst:

An aneurysmal bone cyst is an abnormality of blood vessels that begins in the bone marrow. It can grow rapidly and can be particularly destructive because it affects growth plates.

Blood cancer is grossly subdivided into 3 categories:

1. Leukemias( acute and chronic)
2. Myeloma
3. Lymphomas

The lymph which contains nutrition elements, waste products of metabolism and mainly white blood cells, moves through a series of lymph nodes and vessels. This whole system is called the lymph system.
Hence, the lymph system protects the body but however, lymph cells or lymphocytes can turn into cancerous. The cancers which are caused by the lymph system are called lymphomas.
There are more than 70 types of cancer of lymphomas. The body organs that can be affected by the lymphomas include:

1. Thymus
2. Bone Marrow
3. Spleen
4. Tonsils
5. Lymph nodes

When To Suspect Lymphoma?

1. Long-standing on and off fever,
2. Bone pain
3. Enlarged tonsils or nodes in neck, underarms, inside of thighs or elsewhere in the body ( determined by physician)

these symptoms warns for the possibility of lymphoma. Basically, the lymph nodes are small and soft nodules beneath the skin. The lymph nodes can be found at the neck, upper chest, armpits, stomach and groin area.

Other symptoms of the Lymphoma include:

• ✴Pain in bones
• ✴Cough problems
• ✴Fatigue and tiredness
• ✴Spleen enlargement
• ✴Fever
• ✴Rashes on skin
• ✴Sudden weight loss
• ✴Breath shortness

Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system.
Many types of leukemia exist. Some forms of leukemia are more common in children. Other forms of leukemia occur mostly in adults.
Leukemia usually involves the white blood cells. Your white blood cells are potent infection fighters they normally grow and divide in an orderly way, as your body needs them. But in people with leukemia, the bone marrow produces an excessive amount of abnormal white blood cells, which don't function properly.
Treatment for leukemia can be complex depending on the type of leukemia and other factors. But there are strategies and resources that can help make your treatment successful.

Symptoms

Leukemia symptoms vary, depending on the type of leukemia. Common leukemia signs and symptoms include:

• ✴ Fever or chills
• ✴ Persistent fatigue, weakness
• ✴ Frequent or severe infections
• ✴ Losing weight without trying
• ✴ Swollen lymph nodes, enlarged liver or spleen
• ✴ Easy bleeding or bruising
• ✴ Recurrent nosebleeds
• ✴ Tiny red spots in your skin (petechiae)
• ✴ Excessive sweating, especially at night
• ✴ Bone pain or tenderness

When to see a doctor

Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any persistent signs or symptoms that worry you.

Leukemia symptoms are often vague and not specific. You may overlook early leukemia symptoms because they may resemble symptoms of the flu and other common illnesses.

Sometimes leukemia is discovered during blood tests for some other condition.

Myeloma occurs when an abnormal plasma cell develops in the bone marrow and reproduces itself very quickly. The rapid reproduction of malignant, or cancerous, myeloma cells eventually outweighs the production of healthy cells in the bone marrow. As a result, the cancerous cells begin to accumulate in the bone marrow, crowding out the healthy white blood cells and red blood cells.
Like healthy blood cells, cancerous cells try to make antibodies. However, they can only produce abnormal antibodies called monoclonal proteins, or M proteins. When these harmful antibodies collect in the body, they can cause kidney damage and other serious problems.
According to Stanford University, multiple myeloma is rare, accounting for only 1 percent of all cancer cases in the United States. About 4 to 5 people out of 100,000 are diagnosed with this type of cancer each year.

Types Of Myeloma

1. An indolent myeloma causes no noticeable symptoms. It usually develops slowly and doesn’t cause bone tumors. Only small increases in M protein and M plasma cells are seen.
2. A solitary plasmacytoma causes a tumor to form, typically in bone. It usually responds well to treatment, but needs close monitoring.

What Are The Symptoms Of Myeloma?

The symptoms of multiple myeloma vary depending on the person. Initially, symptoms may not be noticeable. However, as the disease progresses, most people will experience at least one of four major types of symptoms. These symptoms are generally referred to by the acronym CRAB, which stands for:

1. calcium
2. renal failure
3. anemia
4. bone damage

High levels of calcium in the blood come from affected bones leaking calcium. Too much calcium can cause:

1. extreme thirst
2. nausea
3. vomiting
4. upset stomach
5. loss of appetite

Confusion and constipation are also common symptoms of increased calcium levels.

Kidney failure can be caused by high levels of M protein in the body.

nemia is a condition in which the blood doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the rest of the body. This happens when cancerous cells outnumber red blood cells in the bone marrow. Anemia often causes fatigue, dizziness, and irritability.

Bone injuries and fractures occur when cancerous cells invade the bone and bone marrow. These lesions appear as holes on X-ray images. They often cause bone pain, especially in the:

• ✴back
• ✴pelvis
• ✴ribs
• ✴skull
• Additional symptoms of multiple myeloma may include:
• ✴weakness or numbness, especially in the legs
• ✴unintentional weight loss
• ✴confusion
• ✴problems with urination
• ✴nausea
• ✴vomiting
• ✴repeated infections
• ✴vision loss or vision problems